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+ − 1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ − 2 Version 2, June 1991
+ − 3
+ − 4 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ − 5 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
+ − 6 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ − 7 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+ − 8
+ − 9 Preamble
+ − 10
+ − 11 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
+ − 12 freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
+ − 13 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
+ − 14 software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
+ − 15 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
+ − 16 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
+ − 17 using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
+ − 18 the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
+ − 19 your programs, too.
+ − 20
+ − 21 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
+ − 22 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
+ − 23 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
+ − 24 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
+ − 25 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
+ − 26 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
+ − 27
+ − 28 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
+ − 29 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
+ − 30 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
+ − 31 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
+ − 32
+ − 33 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
+ − 34 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
+ − 35 you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
+ − 36 source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
+ − 37 rights.
+ − 38
+ − 39 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
+ − 40 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
+ − 41 distribute and/or modify the software.
+ − 42
+ − 43 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
+ − 44 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
+ − 45 software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
+ − 46 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
+ − 47 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
+ − 48 authors' reputations.
+ − 49
+ − 50 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
+ − 51 patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
+ − 52 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
+ − 53 program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
+ − 54 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
+ − 55
+ − 56 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
+ − 57 modification follow.
+ − 58
+ − 59 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ − 60 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+ − 61
+ − 62 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
+ − 63 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
+ − 64 under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
+ − 65 refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
+ − 66 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
+ − 67 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
+ − 68 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
+ − 69 language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
+ − 70 the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
+ − 71
+ − 72 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
+ − 73 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
+ − 74 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
+ − 75 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
+ − 76 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
+ − 77 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
+ − 78
+ − 79 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
+ − 80 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
+ − 81 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
+ − 82 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
+ − 83 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
+ − 84 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
+ − 85 along with the Program.
+ − 86
+ − 87 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
+ − 88 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
+ − 89
+ − 90 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
+ − 91 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
+ − 92 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
+ − 93 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
+ − 94
+ − 95 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
+ − 96 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
+ − 97
+ − 98 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
+ − 99 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
+ − 100 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
+ − 101 parties under the terms of this License.
+ − 102
+ − 103 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
+ − 104 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
+ − 105 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
+ − 106 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
+ − 107 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
+ − 108 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
+ − 109 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
+ − 110 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
+ − 111 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
+ − 112 the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
+ − 113
+ − 114 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
+ − 115 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
+ − 116 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
+ − 117 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
+ − 118 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
+ − 119 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
+ − 120 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
+ − 121 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
+ − 122 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
+ − 123
+ − 124 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
+ − 125 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
+ − 126 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
+ − 127 collective works based on the Program.
+ − 128
+ − 129 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
+ − 130 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
+ − 131 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
+ − 132 the scope of this License.
+ − 133
+ − 134 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
+ − 135 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
+ − 136 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
+ − 137
+ − 138 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
+ − 139 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
+ − 140 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
+ − 141
+ − 142 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
+ − 143 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
+ − 144 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
+ − 145 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
+ − 146 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
+ − 147 customarily used for software interchange; or,
+ − 148
+ − 149 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
+ − 150 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
+ − 151 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
+ − 152 received the program in object code or executable form with such
+ − 153 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
+ − 154
+ − 155 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
+ − 156 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
+ − 157 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
+ − 158 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
+ − 159 control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
+ − 160 special exception, the source code distributed need not include
+ − 161 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
+ − 162 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
+ − 163 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
+ − 164 itself accompanies the executable.
+ − 165
+ − 166 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
+ − 167 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
+ − 168 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
+ − 169 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
+ − 170 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
+ − 171
+ − 172 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
+ − 173 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
+ − 174 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
+ − 175 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+ − 176 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
+ − 177 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+ − 178 parties remain in full compliance.
+ − 179
+ − 180 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
+ − 181 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
+ − 182 distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
+ − 183 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
+ − 184 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
+ − 185 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
+ − 186 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
+ − 187 the Program or works based on it.
+ − 188
+ − 189 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
+ − 190 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
+ − 191 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
+ − 192 these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
+ − 193 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
+ − 194 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
+ − 195 this License.
+ − 196
+ − 197 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
+ − 198 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
+ − 199 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+ − 200 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+ − 201 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
+ − 202 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
+ − 203 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
+ − 204 may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
+ − 205 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
+ − 206 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
+ − 207 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
+ − 208 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
+ − 209
+ − 210 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
+ − 211 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
+ − 212 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
+ − 213 circumstances.
+ − 214
+ − 215 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
+ − 216 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
+ − 217 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
+ − 218 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
+ − 219 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
+ − 220 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
+ − 221 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
+ − 222 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
+ − 223 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
+ − 224 impose that choice.
+ − 225
+ − 226 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
+ − 227 be a consequence of the rest of this License.
+ − 228
+ − 229 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
+ − 230 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
+ − 231 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
+ − 232 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
+ − 233 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
+ − 234 countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
+ − 235 the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
+ − 236
+ − 237 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+ − 238 of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
+ − 239 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+ − 240 address new problems or concerns.
+ − 241
+ − 242 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
+ − 243 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
+ − 244 later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
+ − 245 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
+ − 246 Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
+ − 247 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
+ − 248 Foundation.
+ − 249
+ − 250 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
+ − 251 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
+ − 252 to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
+ − 253 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
+ − 254 make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
+ − 255 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
+ − 256 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
+ − 257
+ − 258 NO WARRANTY
+ − 259
+ − 260 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
+ − 261 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
+ − 262 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
+ − 263 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
+ − 264 OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ − 265 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
+ − 266 TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
+ − 267 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
+ − 268 REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+ − 269
+ − 270 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+ − 271 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
+ − 272 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
+ − 273 INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
+ − 274 OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+ − 275 TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
+ − 276 YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
+ − 277 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
+ − 278 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+ − 279
+ − 280 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS